Breaking bad news Free Essay Example, 3000 words

Finding out how much the patient’s capacity of accepting information – patients should have a say in the capacity or content given by the medical professional. In other words, bringing up bad news has no right answer and a way to establish the right of the patient to choose, give him/her the chance to establish the information content. Sharing the information – before talking with the patient, prepare the agendas to discuss like the diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and coping. However, a right agenda only covers two of the aforementioned areas. It is not useful to discuss in a long medically termed context. It must be simple and comprehensible; hence, medical terms are translated in simple, understandable English. Responding to the patient’s feelings – understanding the patient’s reaction is important. However, this skill improves through experience, as with the enhancement of acknowledgement and identification. Planning and follow-through – all gathered information ought to have apt documentation for further planning of the patient’s situation. A step-by-step plan given to the patient will be in his/her system of healthcare (Buckman, 2007, as quoted from Back, 1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Breaking bad news or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The nurse’s decision of family care mostly depends on the NHS Plan and the Code of Professional Conduct. Communicative skills of a nurse are an important interpersonal skill in building trust in families of patients and the patient himself. To develop good skills in communication to patients in breaking bad news, one reliable tool is the Leske’s Inventory. This inventory will assess the family’s needs, which the nurse needs to prioritize in time of stressful events happening in unfamiliar environments. Leske’s inventory will work on critical intimidating care and other fields of healthcare. However, many critical care nurses lack the skill and training for better communicative skills in delivering bad news. To give a holistic care, nurses should be able to plan, implement, and evaluate the individualized family needs effectively. Hence, the care will result in autonomy when managing both the family and the patient’s empowerment occurs (Back, 1999) . Sensitivity in Delivering Bad News to Patients with Life-Limiting Illnesses Breaking bad news should be sensitive in many ways, with ample consideration of the patient’s ethnic background, gender, and social class. Patient information and the common errors for breaking bad news are presented in the following discussion. One life limiting illness where breaking bad news happens is caring for people with cancer (Moody, 2003).

Is There a God - 1820 Words

The question of whether there is any clear evidence of Gods existence, tried to argue for many centuries, by engaging in this enlightened minds, representing both positions on this controversy.In recent years, evidence refuting the possibility of the existence of God have become the cause of many clashes, accusing at the same time anyone who dares to say that he believes in God, a man who believes illusions and irrational.Karl Marx stressed that everyone who believes in God must suffer from a mental disorder which affects its ability to correct thinking.The psychiatrist Sigmund Freud wrote that a person who believes in God the Creator has the illusion and asserts itself in this belief because they believe in the factor fulfilling the†¦show more content†¦es-the reality of eternal or reality that has been created by something eternal: an eternal universe or the eternal Creator.In the eighteenth century theologian Jonathan Edwards summed it up as follows:†¢ Something exis ts†¢ something can not be created from nothing†¢ It is therefore necessary and eternal something there mustnote that we must go back to the eternal something. Atheists, who mock believers in faith in the eternal Creator must turn and grasp the eternal universe, this is the only way you can choose.But now the question arises where the evidence leads me?Is the evidence confirms that the matter arose before mind or mind before matter?Every scientific or philosophical evidence we move away from the eternal universe to the eternal Creator.From a scientific standpoint, honest scientists admit that the universe had a beginning, and whatever has a beginning is not eternal.In other words, anything that has a beginning has also a cause, and if the universe had a beginning, was also a cause.The fact that the universe had a beginning is proved eg by the second law of thermodynamics, radiation echo of the Big Bang was discovered at the beginning of 1900, the fact that the universe is e xpanding, you can refer to the fact that it had a beginning, or the theory of relativity of Einstein.All this confirms that the universe is not eternal.Besides, the rights associated with causality seem to deny that the universe was the ultimate cause of explaining the origins ofShow MoreRelatedGod s God : God813 Words   |  4 PagesGod being in control and intimately involved with His creation is essential to our faith as Christians. This belief impacts all Believers regardless of vocation however it is especially important for those of us going into ministry as pastors. â€Å"I used to ask God to help me. Then I asked if I might help Him. I ended up asking God to do His work through me.†(Hudson Taylor) Throughout all of Scripture we see God alluding to the truth that He created all things and is at work in all things and ultimatelyRead MoreLord God, God And God851 Words   |  4 Pagesthe supreme being: God and Lord God. While God and Lord God both have immense power an d the unique ability to create, they are separate characters with separate personalities. Lord God is like a Greek anthropomorphic god with human desires and limitations, whereas God is an all-powerful abstract being of pure spirit. Lord God, like a Greek anthropomorphic god, has a human form and body. We first learn about Lord God in chapter two, the second creation story. Firstly, Lord God â€Å"formed man from theRead MoreThe God Of God1504 Words   |  7 Pageswas the god of creation. He was round and monstrous in size. Nobody knows how he came to be, but nobody ever dared to question him about it, even when they were given the chance. This was because Mundo was rude and aggressive, but, contrary to what many believed at first, he still had feelings. Mundo began to feel very alone after the first few days of being by himself. He had nobody to talk to and began to feel very gloomy. Then he had the idea to create something to fix his loneliness: gods. If heRead MoreGod s God And God762 Words   |  4 PagesGod created the earth for human beings to have peace and a close relationship with God. He does not expect the human race to rebel. The Abrahamic covenant was god’s response to the sin and rebell ion. God promises land, promise of many descendants, a promise on blessing Abraham, and blessing and curses others. When you begin reading the second book of the Bible, Exodus, and the children of Israel had become a nation down in Egypt. They had become virtual slaves in bondage, but God did not forget HisRead MoreThe God Is Blessed By God1313 Words   |  6 Pagesour lives we hear people saying, God has blessed me or I am blessed and most of the time the first thing that comes to our minds is success. We immediately relate blessings to something great. The most common understanding of what it means to be blessed by God is that we receive good things from Him. In this case, we can say that everyone, believes and non-believers receive blessings from God. However, we should ask ourselves this: are the blessings from God only limited to materialistic thingsRead MoreJesus, God, And God1291 Words   |  6 Pagesbeings: he was God s son. He was all man because he had a growth, development and limitations as a normal human. But he was also every god. In the Bible certain details and evidence for this claim is. Throughout his life he never sinned, forgive sins and God did. In addition, he called himself I am like God because Jesus, God the Son, and God the Father are one. Moreover, Jesus shows the union of God with humanity. He had three purposes; be the prophet who spoke the word of God to the people,Read MoreIs God A True God? Essay971 Words   |  4 Pages I believe that there is a true God who is involved in the world. If it would not be for our God who is keeping everything under His control, the world would cease to exist. God is the one who created this world. He is the only being who is eternal. God was not created. He created the world and continues to be very much involved in it. God created everything in this world from nothing. Then He formed man from the dust of the earth. After He formed man, He breathed into him theRead MoreJesus : The God Of God1408 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Son of God, etc. but the true meaning behind His name will only be determined by the faith and revelation. Scholars on this subject have tried to search the truth among the Scriptures, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and other canonic books. One thing that it is found in common is the coming of a messiah, a chosen man by God who will change the world. When God created humankind, He placed in the Eden, His primeval messiah, and he was appointed to represent Him on earth, but Adam failed to God and made theRead MoreThe Word Of God : God964 Words   |  4 Pagesthat when God spoke for the first time, Life, in the form of an energy called light, illuminated the universe. In that moment of time, darkness was the present condition across the expanse. The darkness could not understand the light and thus fled as God expressed his sovereign will through the spoken Word. The declaration of His Word brought forth light. This original light inundated the cosmos with life. Therefore, we conclude that life in the universe exists by the verbal Word of God. The writtenRead MoreGreek Gods And The Gods1528 Words   |  7 PagesAfter Hephaestus falls out of Zeus’ good graces, Thetis is able to lend her helping hand, displaying the hierarchical dynamic between the gods. The gods are indebted to each other, the likely reason that Hephaestus felt as though he needed to make Thetis the ornate shield. The duty and obligation to each other fuels the mutualistic relationships between the gods. Thetis’ motivation to help Hephaestus was not solely out of kindness; rather Thetis saw the opportunity to make a strategic move and put

Are Essay Writing Services Legal, Ethical or Cheating Free Essays

The potential misuse of essay writing services for plagiarism by students raises a host of potential problems for such business. This report addresses the resulting ethical issues, concerning the potential for cheating and its consequences, the political issues, such as the potential for undermining academic institutions and promoting success driven by wealth rather than merit, and legal issues, in the form of copyright actions and the potential for liability for negligently caused economic loss. If you’d like to read a concise version of this post, from a student’s point of view, please click here. We will write a custom essay sample on Are Essay Writing Services Legal, Ethical or Cheating? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction Businesses such as Write Enterprise Ltd face a host of ethical, political and legal threats which emerge from the potential for their use in plagiarism. Plagiarism is an elusive concept, though Hannabuss has offered a useful definition, ‘the unauthorised use or close imitation of the ideas and language/expression of someone else. It involves representing their work as your own†¦ with little or no acknowledgement of the borrowing and the source.’[1] Essay sites, through the provision of targeted model answers, clearly have the capacity to facilitate plagiarism, and it will be shown that this gives rise to moral censure, may be increased by political developments, and has legal ramifications in the form of necessary copyright protection and limitation of liability for economic loss. Ethical Issues: The Potential for Misuse A plethora of ethical considerations arise from essay writing businesses, for both the writers and the students involved. Although plagiarism may not be a criminal offence, it is widely viewed as unethical ‘cheating’. Its contravention of the moral rules of society, is reflected in the fact that it contravenes academic regulations and professional rules, failure to comply with which can lead to drastic consequences, such as students being excluded, loss of reputation and breaches of contract.Yet it is clear that plagiarism is easier than ever before in an electronic age where documents can be copied and pasted on the internet without due attribution, and is widely regarded to be on the increase[2]. A study[3] of students in the UK revealed that 50% of students would be prepared to plagiarise in order to avoid failing a course, 62% would feel guilty about plagiarising, and 10% would have no regrets. In light of the propensity for cheating, there are ethical concerns for a writer in an essay business that his research may be misused for the purposes of academic dishonesty. On the one hand, it is possible to view model answers as another source that a student has at his disposal, such as a textbook and a journal. It is ultimately the intentions of the client that determine whether unethical results follow and a student may equally plagiarise from these sources if he is so minded. On the other hand, it is clear that the focused and targeted response given to specific questions means that abuse is more likely. However, one cannot ignore the many clients who use essay writing services legitimately to further own learning.. Any questioning of the ethics of such businesses must account for the positive impact they have on guiding those in difficulty. The public perception of essay writing services is undermined by questionable ethics, and legitimate clients may be deterred. It is therefore vital for such businesses to clearly state their ethical policy and present good practice guides on how the research should best be used. Political Issues: Increasing Demand Propensity for Harm If students lack research skills and knowledge by blindingly relying on the services of essay writing services without conducting work of their own, it could be that the economic and social role of educational establishments in providing capable employees is consequently undermined.As Foster[4] remarks, ‘For western education establishments, given the economic function they are intended to serve, then allowing plagiarism to go unchecked could have serious implications for the value of qualifications and the economic well-being of the countries concerned.’ There are also political challenges for essay writing services that present opportunities for plagiarism. Political factors, such as the increasing costs of higher education, greater student numbers, increased pressure in light of difficult job markets, perceptions of degrees as economic investment products rather than learning opportunities, and the greater influx of international students, have identified as causes for the increase in plagiarism[5]. Such factors may also increase demand for legitimately commissioned research, as the cost of failing increases. Legal Issues: Copyright and Economic Loss Copyright is a critical area for the law for essay services, as it is important that the work commissioned is not misused either by the client or the writer. The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (CDPA) provides automatic copyright protection for original literary work produced by British citizens[6]. Even if a writer infringes copyright, the essay site may still retain it in the commissioned work[7], and to do so it is crucial for the business to ensure that appropriate copyright assignments and waivers of moral rights were included in the written agreements commissioning the work. The CDPA specifically permits the assignment of copyright in works which have not yet been created and this can be exploited by the businesses by providing appropriate contracts to writers, ensuring that businesses retain copyright for the work they commission. However, moral rights[8] in particular represent a hazard for essay sites, as they remain with the author and cannot be assigned[9]. It is recommended, therefore, that in contracts with writers essay sites expressly require them to forfeit their moral rights. It would also be beneficial for copyright not to be granted to the client. The danger here lies in ‘implied licenses’, arising where copyright material is provided in the knowledge that it is to be reproduced for specific purposes, a licence being implied that it can be used for that purpose. It is crucial that essay sites exclude the operation of implied licences by giving clients express licences strictly limited to the purpose of using the commissioned work as a basis for conducting their own independent work, precluding sharing to others. A possible threat that could emerge to essay services is the law pertaining to negligent misstatements occasioning economic loss[10]. Liability arises when a duty of care is imposed on the provider or professional advice where he is entrusted to use reasonable care and skill by the recipient and it is reasonable for the recipient to rely thereon[11].The key ingredient of the principle, that a person holds himself out as having special expertise thus inviting reasonable reliance, clearly applied to essay writing services. Furthermore, it is that this tortuous liability survives the making of a contract, and that the recovery of damages includes loss of future earnings[12], particularly relevant if a client is expelled for academic dishonesty and claims for loss of career prospects. Although a disclaimer of liability may be sufficient[13] to preclude liability for negligently occasioned economic loss, this may be found to be subject to the requirements of reasonableness in the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977[14].The absence of alternative means to protect clients is a critical factor distinguishing liability here from the position where disclaimers are held to be effective[15], and could equally be applied to the essay service market. It is critical therefore, in addition to making good on anti-plagiarism and quality promises, for essay sites to stress that students should seek further advice before submitting and relying on the work conducted for them. Conclusion By adopting a strong ethical and moral standpoint, as well as robust terms and conditions, many of the potential legal threats can be averted. The more an essay site does to demonstrate that it does not invite ‘reliance’ on its products, by providing guidelines on how to use research and avoid plagiarism for example, the less likely it is to fall into the trap of professional advice occasioning economic loss. It has also been shown that copyright protection, with effective express licences, is crucial to limit terms of use and writers’ moral rights that may undermine the service offered.By adopting this approach, an essay business can withstand increasing political pressures and ethical criticism to offer a quality research service for the benefit of its clients. Bibliography BBC News, ‘Student Plagiarism on the Rise’ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/4257479.stm David Bainbridge, Intellectual Property (8th Edition Pearson Longman, London 2010) JISC ‘Deterring, Detecting and Dealing with Student Plagiarism’ http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/briefingpapers/2005/pub_plagiarism.aspx Lunney Oliphant, Tort Law Text and Materials (4th Edn OUP, New York 2010) Hughes McBride, ‘Hedley Byrne in the House of Lords: an interpretation’ (1995) LS 15(3) 376-389 Peter Foster, ‘Plagiarism in Higher Education’ (2004) No 18 http://www.ecole-management-normandie.fr/upload/editeur/2CR18.pdf Stuart Hannabuss. ‘Contested Texts: Issues Of Plagiarism Library Management Volume 22 (2001) Underwood, J. Szabo, A. Academic offences and e-learning: individual propensities in cheating. (2003) British Journal of Educational Technology 34, 467-478 [1] Stuart Hannabuss. ‘Contested Texts: Issues Of Plagiarism Library Management Volume 22 (2001) [2] BBC News, ‘Student Plagiarism on the Rise’ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/4257479.stm [3] Underwood, J. Szabo, A. Academic offences and e-learning: individual propensities in cheating. (2003) British Journal of Educational Technology 34, 467-478 [4] Peter Foster, ‘Plagiarism in Higher Education’ (2004) No 18 http://www.ecole-management-normandie.fr/upload/editeur/2CR18.pdf [5] JISC ‘Deterring, Detecting and Dealing with Student Plagiarism’ http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/briefingpapers/2005/pub_plagiarism.aspx [6] David Bainbridge, Intellectual Property (8th Edition Pearson Longman, London 2010) p.39 [7] ZYX Music GmbH v King [1995] FSR 566 The requirement for the work to be original does not preclude derivative work from being protected, the key issue being whether sufficient skill and labour has gone into the creation of the new work, and crucially this means copyright may subsist in a work even though it infringes copyright in another work. [8] CDPA 1988 ss. 80-83 including the right of the author to be identified where asserted, and the right to object to derogatory treatment of the work in the form of addition, deletion and alteration where the work is made public. The right to be identified undermines the confidentiality of the service essay sites offer, and the moral right in relation to derogatory treatment inhibits client’s use of the work as a basis of their own if they intend to publish. [9] David Bainbridge, Intellectual Property (8th Edition Pearson Longman, London 2010) pp.120-145 [10] Lunney Oliphant, Tort Law Text and Materials (4th Edn OUP, New York 2010) pp.417-451 [11] Hedley Byrne v Heller Partners [1964] AC 465 [12] Esso v Mardon [1976] EWCA Civ 4 [13] As on the facts of Hedley Byrne [14] Smith v Bush [1990] UKHL 1. In holding that the disclaimer did not satisfy the requirement, regard was had to the facts that the plaintiff in that case was a private non-expert individual, and the practice of failing to get further advice in this sector was widespread. Both of these factors are relevant to the essay market, providing advice to non-experts who, it could be assumed, are unlikely to seek further advice. [15]Hughes McBride, ‘Hedley Byrne in the House of Lords: an interpretation’ (1995) LS 15(3) 376-389 How to cite Are Essay Writing Services Legal, Ethical or Cheating?, Essay examples

Why Do College Students Cheat free essay sample

I myself can say Ive never cheated in college, but in high school I did. I think we all have done it a time or two. Cheating is something Im sure everyone can relate to. Have you ever felt like the pressure for good grades is on? Students and families often have very high expectations about grade achievements; especially if they were accustomed to getting good grades. (Student Affairs, Carnegie Mellon University) Not only do high expectations come into effect, but also the pressure of maintaining a certain GAP to get into your majors.Pressure of getting good grades is something a lot of students may struggle with and that is one of the reasons why a student may cheat. So lets say you feel bad about cheating and want to stop. What can you do so you wont be so tempted? First, try to relieve the pressure on you to get high grades. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do College Students Cheat or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Talk to you parents or maybe even your friends, about your grades in school. Try also, to get good career counseling. Talk to your professors, ask questions, see a tutor if needed. And make sure what your going to college for is something that Interests you.This can take away some of the pressure. Too much work, too little time? This could be a second reason college students may cheat. A lot of the time, students often have multiple assignments due on the same day. Cheating can be a tempting path when students have difficulty managing their time. (Student Affairs, Carnegie Mellon University) A lot of the time, like me, you have a student who is working, going to school and possibly may even have a child. Whew! If I were to cheat, that would probably be my reason! Too much work, too little time!This paper has demonstrated what may drive a student to cheat. Although there are many reasons why students may cheat, I talked about the reasons that are more familiar to me. With the technology now a days theres more and more ways for a students to cheat. Students have tremendous pressure on them to get good grades. Their anxiety level is up, and the temptation to cheat is strong. So what do you do? What to students do?